Succession Planning & Heirs' Property

Learn how FSA programs can support your farm’s legacy, help you pass land to the next generation, and resolve heirs’ property issues that block access to credit and USDA support.

What Succession Planning Means for Your Farm

Succession planning is all about preparing for the future of your farm. Whether you’re passing land to family, a business partner, or a beginning farmer, having a plan in place helps reduce uncertainty and protect your legacy. Without one, your farm could face delays in transfer, legal disputes, or even land loss.

Here are some first steps to help you begin:

Goal

Talk to your family about your goals

Open conversations help prevent misunderstandings later and set shared expectations.

To Do

Put your plan in writing with a will or legal agreement

A written, legal plan ensures your decisions are honored and reduces uncertainty.

Farm

Work with a lawyer or advisor who understands agriculture

Professionals with farm experience can help you structure ownership, transfer plans, and tax strategies.

Documents

Update your farm records and beneficiary forms

Your local FSA office needs current documentation to properly assign program benefits or loans.

Learn More Here!

Understanding Heirs' Property

Heirs’ property happens when land is passed down without a will. Multiple family members may have a shared claim to the land, but no one has clear title. This can prevent you from qualifying for loans or USDA support.

Without clear title, heirs’ property owners may not qualify for FSA programs or disaster assistance.

FSA's Heirs’ Property Re-lending Program (HPRP)

The Heirs’ Property Relending Program (HPRP) helps farmers and landowners resolve shared ownership issues—also known as heirs’ property—so they can gain clear title to their land.

Many heirs’ property owners are unable to qualify for USDA loans, disaster assistance, or cost-share programs because no single heir has documented ownership. HPRP addresses this by providing loans—through nonprofit lenders and community development institutions—that allow families to consolidate ownership, buy out other heirs, or cover legal costs tied to clearing title.

Key Features:

  • Loans are made by USDA-approved nonprofit lenders, not directly by FSA.
  • Funds can be used to resolve title issues, pay legal fees, or buy out co-heirs.
  • Landowners must be part of an existing heirs’ property situation with no clear title.

Who It’s For:

  • Farmers, ranchers, and landowners with heirs’ property

Why It Matters:

Gaining clear title through HPRP can open the door to:

  • FSA loans and conservation programs
  • Disaster relief and cost-share opportunities
  • Long-term land security and generational wealth transfer

What to Expect When You're Applying

1. You will contact an approved lender directly
2. Your lender will assess your eligbility
3. You will be able to use the loan for approved expenses
4. Your heirs will repay the loan directly to the lender

See if you may be eligible!

Additional FSA Resources

Page
Heirs' Property Fact Sheet

Check out FSA's official Fact Sheet on heirs' property.

Open Book
Heirs' Property "Ask the Expert" Blog

Get insights and answers from USDA's J. Latrice Hill.

Family
HPRP Program Page

Read official USDA info on the HPRP program.